There have been various media reports about Everglades virus (EVEV) over the last year. This is not a newly introduced virus to South Florida. Everglades virus is an alpha virus related to Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis. The virus most commonly circulates between Culex mosquitoes, namely Culex cedecei (which is native to South Florida), and rodents. EVEV was first recognized in South Florida in the 1960s, when Seminole persons living north of Everglades National Park were shown to have seroprevalence as high as 58%. (1).
Two exotic mosquito species have recently been discovered in Homestead and Florida City by University of Florida researchers. The mosquitoes, Aedeomyia squamipennis and Culex panocossa, can carry viruses and can easily spread in populated areas. They are native to Central and South America and the Greater Antilles and likely arrived on plants. Researchers believe Culex panocossa may be able to transmit Everglades virus, but the research is still ongoing and nothing definitive has been established as of now (2).
It is possible for humans to become infected with Everglades virus if bitten by an infected mosquito. However, human symptomatic response is rare. Those who do exhibit symptoms may experience mild headache, fever, and muscle soreness. In extreme cases, encephalitis has been reported.
Everglades virus poses no significant threat to Lee County at this time. However, residents should continue to take the normal proper precautions to avoid mosquito bites by covering exposed skin and using repellants when mosquitoes are present.
References
(1). Work TH. Serological evidence of Arbovirus infection in the Seminole Indians of southern Florida. Science. 1964;145:270-2
(2). http://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/news/2017/01/09/ufifas-researchers-find-2-virus-carrying-mosquito-species-9-new-ones-in-a-decade/
